Matrix Calculator

Matrix calculations appear in linear algebra courses, computer graphics, machine learning, physics, economics, and engineering. Working through a 4×4 matrix multiplication by hand is tedious and error-prone. The Matrix Calculator handles all common operations with step-by-step working. Entering a matrix: Set the number of rows and columns using the controls, then type your values into the grid cells. Tab moves between cells in row-major order. For a second matrix (needed for addition, subtraction, and multiplication), enable the second matrix panel and fill it in the same way. Available operations: Addition and subtraction — Requires both matrices to have identical dimensions. Each element in the result is the sum or difference of the corresponding elements in the two input matrices. Scalar multiplication — Multiply every element in the matrix by a single number. Enter the scalar value and apply. Matrix multiplication — Requires the number of columns in Matrix A to equal the number of rows in Matrix B. The result is a matrix with dimensions rows(A) × columns(B). Note that A×B is not the same as B×A. Transpose — Rows become columns and columns become rows. A 3×4 matrix transposed becomes a 4×3 matrix. Determinant — Only available for square matrices (n×n). The determinant is a single number that summarizes certain properties of the matrix — a zero determinant means the matrix is singular (not invertible). Inverse — Only available for square matrices with a non-zero determinant. The inverse of A is the matrix A⁻¹ such that A × A⁻¹ = I (identity matrix). Rank — The number of linearly independent rows or columns in the matrix. Step-by-step working: Every operation shows the full calculation breakdown. Matrix multiplication shows each dot product computed for each output element. Determinant shows cofactor expansion. Inverse shows the adjugate and determinant method.